Volvo XC60 (P3)

The Volvo badge appears on not just cars, but also semi trucks, heavy industrial equipment, marine engines, and even some jet engines. In 1999, Volvo elected to sell off the automotive part of its business, and the now-separate Volvo Cars was picked up by Ford Motor Company, becoming a part of their Premier Automotive Group alongside Jaguar, Land Rover, and Aston Martin. By 1999, Volvo's new flagship on their new P2 platform, the S80, had already been released, and development on the soon-to-be-released S60 and V70 midsize cars was just finishing up; these P2s can be regarded as the last "pure" Volvos, and Ford soon began leveraging its global reach to integrate the companies.

For an automaker, "integration" means shared parts and shared platforms, and Volvo, Mazda, and Ford of Europe engineers put their heads together in Ford's Cologne, Germany design center to co-develop the compact P1 platform, also known as the Ford C1 platform and the Mazda BK platform, underpinning the S40/V50/C30, European Focus, and Mazda3 respectively. As with the P2 platform underpinning multiple sizes of car and crossover, Volvo and Ford extensively re-engineered the new P1 compact platform to a full-size format. The resulting "EUCD" (European Class D segment) platform became known as the P3 in Volvo usage, and in 2010 a new, P3-based midsize crossover SUV slotted under the XC90 in Volvo's lineup: the XC60.

The XC60 carried over the six-cylinder engines of its S80 platform mate, offering a 3.0 turbocharged or 3.2 naturally aspirated "SI6" inline six, with both engines designed by Volvo but built by Ford of Britain. Both engines were paired with the Aisin-Warner TF-80SC 6-speed automatic transmission, with Haldex AWD optional on the base model's 3.2i and standard on the T6. 

The SI6 engines were specially developed by Volvo to fit transversely (sideways) in the engine bay of FWD cars, and they feature some unique engineering tricks to do this: the timing chain, accessory belt drive, and components like the alternator and A/C compressor have been relocated either to the sides of the engine (driven via special gears off the middle of the crankshaft) or to the "back" end of the engine, above the transmission and driven by gears off the end of the crankshaft.

In our experience, these "short six" engines are generally pretty stout, but they have an achilles heel: the brake vacuum pump. Above the transmission and driven by the camshafts, this pump often develops leaks from the o-ring where the pump bolts to the engine, and the oil dripping down can appear like expensive transmission or rear main seal leak when viewed from underneath. We offer both a reseal kit and new pumps for this purpose.

From 2014, the new "modular" 2L inline four (also known as the Volvo Engine Architecture or "VEA" engine) appeared as a new "T5" base engine. Also sometimes badged "DRIVe" (pronounced "drive eee"), it produced as much power as the 3.2i it replaced, but its smaller size, weight, and displacement paired with an Aisin-Warner TG-81 8-speed automatic boosted this midsize SUV's fuel economy to an impressive 24mpg city / 31mpg highway.

By 2017, the XC60 was one of the last P3 platform cars in Volvo's lineup, with newer models switching to Volvo's new Scalable Product Architecture (SPA) platform, with all-VEA engines. The second-generation, SPA-based XC60 launched in 2018.

Model information is based on the USA vehicle market. Other model variations may exist outside the USA.